The harm of static electricity to electronic components

   The danger of static electricity

      The basic physical characteristics of static electricity are: suction bow | or repulsion,There is a potential difference with the ground, and a discharge current will be generated. 

      Four effects of these three characteristics on electronic components:

      Static electricity attracts dust and reduces component insulation resistance (shortens life).

      Electrostatic discharge damage, making components damaged and unable to work (complete destruction).

      Electrostatic discharge The heat generated by an electric field or current can damage components (potential damage).

      The electromagnetic field generated by electrostatic discharge is very large (up to several hundred V / M), and the spectrum is extremely wide (from tens to thousands of megabytes),Interference or even damage to electronic devices (electromagnetic interference).If the components are completely destroyed, they can be detected and eliminated in production and quality control, with less impact，If the component is slightly damaged, it is not easy to find under normal testing,In this case, it is usually processed in multiple layers, and even already in use,It was found to be damaged, not only was it not easy to check, but also its loss was difficult to predict，How much manpower and financial resources will be spent to find out all the problems, and if the failure is detected during use, the loss may be huge.
 

Harmful characteristics of static electricity on electronic products

   Hidden

      The human body cannot directly perceive static electricity unless an electrostatic discharge occurs, but the human body may not necessarily feel a shock when electrostatic discharge occurs. This is because the electrostatic discharge voltage sensed by the human body is 2-3 KV, so the static electricity is hidden.

   Latent    

      The performance of some electronic components after electrostatic damage has not decreased significantly, but multiple cumulative discharges will cause internal damage to the device and form hidden dangers.Therefore, electrostatic damage to devices has potential.

   Randomness

      Under what circumstances will electronic components be damaged by static electricity? It can be said that from the generation of a component until it is damaged, all processes are threatened by static electricity, and the generation of static electricity is also random. The damage is also random.

   Complexity

     The failure analysis work of electrostatic discharge damage is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and costly due to the precise, fine, and tiny structural characteristics of electronic products. It requires high technology and often requires the use of high-precision instruments such as scanning electron microscopes.Even so, some electrostatic damage is difficult to distinguish from damage caused by other causes, making people mistakenly consider static damage as other failures，Often attributed to early failures or failures of unknown circumstances, thus unconsciously masking the true cause of failure。Therefore, the analysis of static electricity damage to electronic devices is complicated.